Variasi Ikan Sapu-Sapu (Loricariidae) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Di Perairan Ciliwung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36722/sst.v3i4.237Abstract
Abstrak - Ikan sapu-sapu Genus Pterygoplichthys masih sulit dibedakan berdasarkan karakter morfologinya. Bentuk kepala ikan Ordo Siluriformes adalah “picak†atau depressed dengan bagian abdomen memiliki pola titik-titik putih besar dengan beberapa pola menyatu yang dilengkapi dengan mulut. Beberapa metode identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi yang meliputi bentuk kepala, silur pada bagian lateral dan melihat pola abdomen. Identifikasi berdasarkan pola abdomen dapat dilakukan dengan melihat literatur yang ada. Variasi morfologi ikan sapu-sapu Genus Pterygoplichthys asal sungai Ciliwung menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan pola kepala dan pola lateral persentase individu P.pardalis lebih dominan dibandingkan spesies lain yaitu 76% dan 46%, sedangkan berdasarkan pola abdomen menunjukkan bahwa hybrid merupakan jenis yang dominan (78%).
Â
Kata kunci - Ikan sapu-sapu, Sungai Ciliwung, Karakter morfologi, Pola abdomen
Â
Abstract - Suckermouth armored catfish is one of the native catfish from the Amazon river. The fish is diversed in several countries but known as an invasive species, one of them is in Jakarta. Suckermouth armored catfish genus at Indonesia is Pterygoplichthys. Identification by looking at the morphological character of the fish is still difficult. Therefore, the identification is done by looking at the fish abdominal pattern. Sampling was done by searching at Ciliwung River, randomly obtained from the fisherman. The fish is identified by looking at the existing literature. The results show that allegedly there are two species of fish at Ciliwung River, which are Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus, also inter-grade fish species.
Â
Keywords - Suckermouth armored catfish, Ciliwung River, Morphology characteristic, Abdomenal pattern
References
Bijukumar A, Smrithy R, Sureshkumar U, George S. 2015. Invasion of South American suckermouth armoured catfishes Pterygoplichthys spp. (Loricariidae) in Kerala, India-a case study. J. of Threatened Taxa. 7(3):6987-6995.
Fishbase. 2015. Scientific names where Genus equals Pterygoplichthys. http://fishbase.org/Nomenclature/ScientificNameSearchList.php?crit1_fieldname=SYNONYMS.SynGenus&crit1_fieldtype=CHAR&crit1_operator=EQUAL&crit1_value=pterygoplichthys&crit2_fieldname=SYNONYMS.SynSpecies&crit2_fieldtype=CHAR&crit2_operator=CONTAINS&crit2_value=&typesearch=simple&group=summary&backstep=-2&sortby=validname (Diakses Pada 14 Desember 2015)
Hadiaty RK. 2011. Diversitas dan hilangnya jenis-jenis ikan di Sungai Ciliwung dan Sungai Cisadane. Berita Biologi. 10(4):491-504.
Hendrawan D. 2008. Kualitas air Sungai Ciliwung ditinjau dari parameter minyak dan lemak. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia. 15(2): 85-93.
Hill AM, Lodge DM. 1999. Replacement of resident crayfishes by an exotic crayfish: the roles of competition and predation. Ecol. App. 9(2) 678-690.
International River Foundation. 2011. Help Save The Ciliwung River Indonesia. http://www.riverfoundation.org.au/event.php?e=1289. (Diakses Pada 10 September 2015).
Mallet J. 2007. Hybrid speciation. Nature. 446:279-283.
Nico LG, Martin RT. 2001. The South American armored catfish, Pterygoplichthys anisitsi (Pisces: Loricariidae), in Teas, with comment on foreign fish introduction in the American Southwest. The Southwestern Naturalist 46(1) 98-104.
Nico LG, Butt PL, Johnston GR, Jelks HL, Kail M, Walsh SJ. 2012. Discovery of South American suckermouth amored catfish (Loricariidae, Pterygoplichthys spp.) in the Santa Fe River drainage, Suwannee River Basin, USA. Bioinv Rec. 1(3): 179-200.
Page LM, Robins RH. 2006. Identification of sailfin catfishes (Teleosti:Loricariidae) in south-eastern Asia. The Raff. Bull. of Zool. 54:455-457.
Wowor D. 2010. Studi Biota Perairan dan Herpetofauna di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Ciliwung dan Cisadane: Kajian Hilangnya Keanekaragaman Hayati. Cibinong: Pusat Penelitian Biologi Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.
Wu LW, Liu CC, Lin SM. 2011. Identification of exotic Sailfin Catfish species (Pterygoplichthys, Loricariidae) in Taiwan based on morphology and mtDNA sequences. Zool. Stud.. 50:235-246.
